“The eruptions of these volcanoes can be so catastrophic that they destroy the entire surrounding marine population. But after that, the area quickly begins to be colonised by new species, and the volcanic gases release nutrients that support the growth of bacteria and microorganisms that survive in extreme temperature conditions.

In this ecosystem, considered inhospitable because of the water temperature and acidity, they found huge sharks, rays and even previously unknown species.

These findings show that volcanoes, in addition to providing gases and metals that favour the chemical composition of the water, allow the formation of large food chains and are the habitat of new species.